计算下列溶液的离子强度:
(1)0.1mol/kgKCl
(2)0.2mol/kgNaOH
(3)0.1mol/kgNa3PO4
(4)0.1mol/kgHCl+0.2mol/kgNaOH。
解:(1)I=0.5×(0.1×12+0.1×12)0.1mol/kg
(2)I=0.5×(0.2×12+0.2×12)=0.2mol/kg
(3)I=0.5×(0.3×12+0.1×32)=0.6mol/kg
(4)按不反应:I=0.5×(0.1×12+0.1×12+0.2×12+0.2×12)=0.3mol/kg
按反应后生成NaCl和NaOH:I=0.5×(0.1×12+0.1×12+0.1×12+0.1×12)=0.2mol/kg
9、试用德拜-尤格尔极限定律求25℃,0.50mol/kg的CaCl2水溶液的离子平均活度因子。 解:I=0.5×(0.5×22+1.0×12)=1.5mol/kg
lg 0.05093 |2 1|.5=-0.1248 , =0.750