现在完成时是have/has become ，中文意思是已成为
According to a recent study of retail firms, which confirmed that IT has become pervasive and relatively easy to acquire, IT by itself appeared to have conferred little advantage.最近对零售公司的一项研究证明了信息技术已经变得普遍且相对容易被获得，但它本身似乎并没有带来什么优势。
